Abstract
The incidence of renal failure is known to be increasing globally. Kidney transplant are considered the most efficient renal replacement therapy for a significant number of patients with end- stage renal disease. Renal failure can give rise to a large spectrum of oral manifestations, affecting overall health of patients with renal disease. End-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients have a plethora of oral findings. The aim of this study was to study oral symptoms and lesions in pre-renal transplant patients. This prospective study was conducted over a 6-month period. A total of 80 individuals (40 pre renal transplant patients and 40 controls) were recruited. Each patient was interviewed individually using questionnaire about oral symptoms. Each patient was examined for oral lesions and documented. For Caries DMFT and for Gingivitis CPITN index was used. In both study and control group majority were males and majority were in age group 21-30 years. In study group knowledge of importance of oral hygiene was more. The most common symptoms were dry mouth (20%), altered taste (52.5%) and bleeding gums (42.5%). Study group showed significantly more oral changes than those in the control group. DMFT index was positive in 60% of study and 80% control group. CPITN index was equally positive (92.5%) in both study and control group. Mucosal pallor, suburral tongue, leukoplakia and hyperplastic gingivitis was seen in 27.5%, 10%, 10% and 2.5% respectively in the study group. Prevalence of oral lesions is significantly higher in renal patients. The potential source of active infective lesions in medically compromised patients with ESRD must be treated before transplant.
References
Clark DB. Dental findings in patients with chronic renal failure. An overview. J Can Dent Assoc 1987; 53:781–785.
Ziebolz D, Fischer P, Hornecker E, Mausberg RF. Oral health of hemodialysis patients: A cross-sectional study at two German dialysis centers. Hemodialysis International.2012; 16:69-75.
De Rossi SS, Glick M. Dental considerations for the patient with renal disease receiving hemodialysis. Journal of the American Dental Association.1996; 127: 211-219.
Eigner TL, Jastak JT, Bennett WM. Achieving oral health in patients with renal failure and renal transplants. Journal of the American Dental Association.1986; 113: 612-616.
King GN, Healy CM, Glover MT, Kwan JT, Williams DM, Leigh IM, Thornhill MH. Prevalence and risk factor associated with leukoplakia, hairy leukoplakia, erythematous candidiasis and gingival hyperplasia in renal transplant recipients. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 1994; 78:718–726.
Seymour RA, Thomason JM, Nolan A. Oral lesions in organ transplant patients. J Oral Pathol Med 1997; 26:297–304.
Kho HS, Lee SW, Chung SC, Kim YK. Oral manifestations and salivary flow rate, pH, and buffer capacity in patients with end-stage renal disease undergoing hemodialysis. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 1999; 88:316–319.
Kerr AR. Update on renal disease for the dental practitioner. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2001; 92:9–16.
Kao CH, Hsieh JF, Tsai SC, Ho YJ, Chang HR. Decreased salivary function in patients with end-stage renal disease requiring hemodialysis. Am J Kidney Dis. 2000; 36:1110–1114.
Bayraktar G, Kurtulus I, Kazancioglu R, Bayramgurler I, Cintan S, Bural C, Bozfakioglu S, Issever H, Yildiz A. Oral health and inflammation in patients with end-stage renal failure. Perit Dial Int. 2009; 29:472–479.
Soben Peter. Essentials of preventive and community dentistry 3rd edition, 2008 pp 499,541
Dirschnabel AJ, Martins Ade S, Dantas SA, Ribas Mde O, Grégio AM, Alanis LR et al.Clinical oral findings in dialysis and kidney-transplant patients Quintessence international. 2011; 42:127-33.
Klassen JT, Krasko BM. The dental health status of dialysis patients. Journal of the Canadian Dental Association. 2002; 68: 34-38.
Patil S, Khandelwal S, Doni B, Rahman F, Kaswan S.Oral Manifestations in Chronic Renal Failure Patients Attending Two Hospitals in North Karnataka, India. OHDM 2012; 11:100-106
Bots CP, Poorterman JHG, Brand HS, Kalsbeek H, Van Amerongen BM, Veerman ECI, et al. The oral health status of dentate patients with chronic renal failure undergoing dialysis therapy. Oral Diseases.2006; 12: 176-180.
Pankhurst CL, Smith EC, Rogers JO, Dunne SM, Jackson CH, Proctor G. Diagnosis and management of the dry mouth: Part 1. Dent Update 1996; 23:56– 62.
Obry F, Belcourt AB, Frank RM, Geisert J, Fischbach M. Biochemical study of whole saliva from children with chronic renal failure. ASDC Journal of Dentistry for Children. 1987; 54: 429-432.
De la Rosa García E, Mondragón Padilla A,ArandaRomo S, Bustamante, Ramírez MA. Oral mucosa symptoms, signs and lesions, in end stage renal disease and non-end stage renal disease diabetic patients. Medicina Oral,Patología Oral y CirugíaBucal. 2006; 11: E467-E473
Proctor R, Kumar N, Stein A, Moles D, Porter S. Oral and dental aspects of chronic renal failure. Journal of Dental Research. 2005; 84: 199-208.
BorawskiJ, Wilczynska-BorawskaM, StokowskaW, MysliwiecM. The periodontal status of pre-dialysis chronic kidney disease and maintenance dialysis patients. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2007; 22: 457–64
Davidovich E, Davidovits M, Eidelman E, Schwarz Z, Bimstein E. Pathophysiology, therapy, and oral implications of renal failure in children and adolescents: an update. Pediatric Dentistry. 2005; 27: 98-106.
De La Rosa García E, Mondragon-Padilha A, Irigoyen-Camacho ME, Bustamante-Ramírez MA. Oral lesions in a group of kidney transplant patients. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2005; 10:196–204.
Diaz-Ortiz ML, Micó-Llorens JM, Gargallo-Albiol J, Baliellas-Comellas C, Berini-Aytés L, Gay-Escoda C. Dental health in liver transplant patients. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2005;10: 66–72.
EpsteinSR, MandelI, ScoppIW Salivary composition and calculus formation in patients undergoing hemodialysis. J Periodontol 1980; 51: 336–38
Gavalda C, et al. Renal hemodialysis patients: oral, salivary, dental and periodontal findings in 105 adult cases. Oral Dis. 1999; 5:299–302.
Joseph R, Krishnan R, Narayan V. Higher prevalence of periodontal disease among patients with predialytic renal disease. Braz J Oral Sci. 2009; 8:14–18.
How to cite this article:
Namita, Gupta V, Rai R and Satia G. Oral manifestation in pre-renal transplant patients in Tertiary Care Hospital in Punjab. Int. J. Res. Dev. Pharm. L. Sci. 2019; 8(3): 20-23. doi: 10.13040/IJRDPL.2278-0238.8(3).20-23
This Journal is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Copyright (c) 2020 Array