To Study and Compare the Necrotizing Fasciitis in Diabetics and Non-Diabetics Patients in Tertiary Care Hospital

Abstract

ABSTRACT: 

Introduction: Necrotizing fasciitis is a rare disease potentially life-threatening infection of fascia, subcutaneous tissue with occasionally muscular involvement. Necrotizing Fasciitis is a surgical emergency with high morbidity and mortality (carries a mortality of 10 to 25%).

Aims: Ais of the study, is to compare necrotizing fasciitis in diabetic and non-diabetic patients concerning age, sex, and duration of symptoms, site of involvement, causative organism, duration of hospital stay, and its outcome.

Materials and methods: In this study mean age was 54.81 years for diabetics and 44.06 years for non-diabetics, which implies Necrotizing Fasciitis is more common in middle-aged persons. This is a prospective study in Bhim Rao Ambedkar Hospital in Raipur Department of General Surgery.  

Result: In both the group most common micro-organisms found in culture was Staphylococcus (43% in Diabetics and 45% in Non-Diabetics). The second most common micro-organism was Streptococcus (39% in Diabetics and 35% in Non-Diabetics). Other significant micro-organisms found were Klubsella Pneumococcus and polymicrobial. P Value 0.410 > 0.05 There is no statically significant; there is no difference in micro-organism culture between Diabetics and Non- Diabetics. Trauma was the most common predisposing cause in both groups (55.8% in diabetes and 62.8% in non-diabetes.

Conclusion: In conclusion, the study reveals several key insights into necrotizing fasciitis, highlighting significant differences and similarities between diabetic and non-diabetic patients. Diabetic patients, typically over 60 years old, and non-diabetic patients, generally under 40 years old, both show a higher prevalence of necrotizing fasciitis among males, with trauma identified as the primary precipitating factor in both groups. Staphylococcus and Streptococcus were the predominant causative organisms in both categories.