Abstract
Objectives: The leaves of Eriobotrya japonica are ethnopharmacologically used to treat iarrhea, asthma and hypertension in Zimbabwe. This study was aimed at determining the effect of Eriobotrya japonica on ileum smooth muscles.
Materials and methods: E. japonica plant extracts were prepared and tested on isolated rabbit ileum tissue. Plant effects were compared with histami ne, Ach or KCl induced contractions to evaluate its gut modulator effects. Adrenergic activity was also tested using propranolol.
Results & Discussion: E. japonica (66-1000μg/ml) ethanolic leaf extract exhibited a dose dependant relaxant effect on spontaneously contracting isolated rabbit ileum. It also dose dependently inhibited rabbit ileum strips precontracted with histamine (0.001M), Ach (0.001M) and K+ (80 Mm) with EC50 values of 322±1.1μg/ml, 335±1.1μg/ml and 325.9 ± 1.10μg/ml respectively. The extract showed inhibition trends that were similar to the positive controls. Chlopheniramine relaxed the smooth muscle by blocking the contractile effects of Ach, EC50 value 383.3 ± 1.44μg/ml. Acetylcholine induced inhibition was similar to that caused by atropine an anticholinergic compound, EC50 value 729±1.13μg/ml. The extract inhibited potassium induced contractions in a dose dependent manner with an EC50 value of 325.9 ± 1.10μg/ml. Propranolol increased smooth muscle relaxation by 73.7% which was similar to the plant extract which increased relaxation by 77.75%.
Conclusions: The results suggest that the ethanolic leaf extract of Eriobotrya japonica has myorelaxant effects and may be acting by poten tially inhibiting acetylcholine, histamine and potassium receptors on the rabbit ileum. The effect on adrenergic agonist propanolol activity was inconclusive and needs further testing
References
Trease GE, Evans. IC: “Pharmacognosy”, W. B. Saunders Publishers, St. Louis USA, Ed 15th, 2008.
World Health Organisation: “Quality Control Methods for Medicinal Plant Materials”, World Health Organization, Geneva, 1988
Hyde MA, Wursten BT, Baillings P: “Flora of Zimbabwe “, 2007.
Morton J: “ Fruits of warm climates”, Julie F Morton Publishing, Miami, Ed. 1st
Palombo EA. (2006) Phytother Res.20: 717–724
Mandomando I.M., Macete EV, Ruiz J, Sanz, S, Abacassamo F, Valles, X, Sacarlal J, Navia M.M, Vila J,Alonso PL, Gascon J. (2007) Am J. Trop Med Hyg. 76, 522–527
World Health Organisation. (2009) WHO: Geneva, Switzerland, 2009.
Chimhini G, Shambira G, Simbini T (2010). Ministry of Health and Child Warfare, Zimbabwe.
Bigovic D1, Brankovic S, Kitic D, Radenkovic M, Jankovic T, Savikin K, Zivanovic S. (2010) Molecules 15: 3391- 3401.
Katzung BG: “Basic and Clinical Pharmacology”, Mc Graw Hill Publishers, Ed. 10th
Njume C, Goduka NI. (2012) Int J Environ Res Public Health.
Taderera T, Mubika B, Chifamba J, Chinyanga H. (2013) JASSA/027/013
Walker Richard L, Scott Charles C: “Use of the Rabbit Intestine in Smooth Muscle Pharmacology Experiments: A New Approach”, Department of Biological Sciences. University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
Grasa L, Rebollar E, Arruebo MP, Plaza MA, Murillo MD. (2004) J. Physiol Pharmacol. 55: 639–650
Shahid AA: “Motility modulation potential of Bauhinia galpinil and Combretum vende phenolic-enriched leaf extracts on isolated rat ileum”, University of Pretoria, 2012.
Hansen BM. (2012) Physiol Res. 52: 1-30.
Chen J, Li W. (2008) Med Arom Plan Biotechno 2: 18- 23.
Lv H, Chen J, Li WL, Zhang HQ. (2008) Zhong Yao Cai. 31: 1351-1354.
Wang J, Wanga N, Yao X, Kitanaka S. (2007) Asian J Trad Med 2: 1
Bukhari IA, Shah AJ, Khan RA, Meo SA, Khan A, Gilani AH. (2013) Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 17: 552-558
Rang HP, Dale MM, Ritter JM, Flower RJ: “Rang and Dales Pharmacology”, Churchill Livingstone, England, Ed. 6th, 2007
Janbaz, K. H, Hamid, I, Mahmood, M. H, Gilani, A. H. (2011) Can J App Sci 1: 104-120
Bigovic. D. (2010) Molecules 15: 3391-3401
Bannett A, Whitney B. (1966) Gut. 7: 307-16.
Kim DY1, Camilleri M. (2000) Am J Gastroenterol. Oct;95(10):2698-709.
Abbreviations
Ach - Acetylcholine
Ca - Calcium
K+ - Potassium ion
Ca2+ - Calcium ion
KCl - Potassium Chloride
EC50 - Concentration of drug required to produce 50% of that drug’s maximal effect DRC - Dose Response Curve
GIT - Gastrointestinal Tract WHO - World Health Organisation
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Copyright (c) 2020 Array